Dogs can help prevent childhood asthma

By Discovery Channel staff
The microbes living on your pet dog may help to strengthen your immune system and prevent childhood asthma, according to a new study.

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It is known that infants with severe cases of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) have an increased chance of developing asthma. This latest study shows bacteria found in the dust of homes with dogs may have protective effects against RSV.

"These findings are the first step towards creating a therapy to protect infants against RSV and therefore lessening the occurrence of asthma in the long term," says Dr Kei Fujimura, a molecular biologist at the University of California, San Francisco and who presented his group's work at the 112th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology. dogs
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Previous studies have shown that bacterial communities in house dust are different in homes with and without dogs, and that children living with pet dogs have a lower incidence of asthma.

To see if there is a link, scientists collected dust from homes with dogs, mixed it in a solution and fed it to mice. After eight days, these animals were given RSV. Their immune response was compared to another group infected with RSV, and a control group of healthy mice.

The mice that were fed house dust did not develop the inflammation and mucous production symptomatic of RSV. A different group of bacteria were also found in the gastrointestinal tract of these mice compared to the other experimental groups.

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"In this experiment we were able to manipulate the gut micro biota and this influenced the immune response in the lungs," says Fujimura.

She says that this distinct set of gut micro biota helped protect the mice from developing RSV. However, the team is not sure exactly which bacteria are the key drivers for this response.

Fujimura says these results support the hypothesis that exposure to animals in early childhood stimulates the immune system to resist the development of asthma and other allergies.

Professor Suresh Mahalingam, a virologist at Griffith University in Brisbane, says that this is an important area of research as RSV affects 90 per cent of children worldwide.

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"Whether this experiment has relevance to humans, no one has yet shown," he says. "The way forward now is to carry out some population-based studies to see if there's a correlation between reduced RSV infection among children living in the presence of dogs."  

Discuss this post

Um... Many children display the symptoms of asthma by age 2 with other autoimmune disorders such allergies and ezcema. It's likely that autoimmune disorders are more of a symptom of genetic inheritance than lack of dog-hair.

  • 2 votes
Reply#1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 3:45 PM EDT

Wow another Saturday night Medical Degree. Please provide your medical documentation that supports your wild accounts of how this scientific/medical efforts is wrong.

  • 1 vote
#1.1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:30 PM EDT

Asthma, allergies, and eczema are all related auto-immune problems that seem to have a genetic risk factor. One such factor are mutations in the gene that codes for fillagrin, a protein involved in maintaining tight connection between cells in the epidermis.

Of course, environmental factors play a role and RSV infection has been shown to increase asthma risk. However, this "scientific/medical effort" really does not prove that having a dog decreases your risk of asthma. All it shows is that it reduces your risk of getting infected with RSV (a common childhood infection btw). In fact, there could easily be other asthma sensitizing agents carried by dogs that would cancel out such a benefit. I would not be convinced that dogs can reduce asthma risk unless they actually studied populations of pet owners and their children vs. none pet owners and their children. This study has no direct evidence to support the headline of this article

BTW: I went to Medical School

  • 1 vote
#1.2 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 10:54 PM EDT
Reply

This is just a propaganda piece to own more pets. For some reason, people who own pets think they are superior.

    Reply#2 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 3:49 PM EDT

    Our gut does have a say in immune response. However, all our knowlege on gut biota and probiotic living is extremely new and sketchy and totally not a reason to get a dog.

    I don't like this article simply because people might use it as an excuse to get a dog, grow tired of it and abandon it.

    • 3 votes
    #2.1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 3:58 PM EDT

    I agree Journal. Allergies is an inherited trait. I don't understand how having a dog can suppress that trait. And can the researchers get a little more specific? I mean, how many breeds of dogs are there?

    • 1 vote
    #2.2 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:05 PM EDT

    So if allergies are inherited why is it that my father does not have them and my mother does not have them, their parents do not have them, there grandparents do not have them ... but I have allergies? Now I know what you are going to say, "must be there somewhere in the line". And I am sure that we could find a hint of them somewhere along the genetic line but really if it was that prominent of an item would be seen continuous. Further more why then do boys tend to grow out of allergies and girl tend to remain stuck in them?

    I figured I would ask these scientific/medical questions to you Journal Journal and Swooshz because you seem to be answering the most indepth of medical questions.

    • 1 vote
    #2.3 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:34 PM EDT

    dmd, I can't say why you have allergies as i'm not an immunologist. However, you cannot deny the fact that allergies are an inherited trait. Saying that the allergy trait isn't inherited is like saying not brushing your teeth won't have an affect on carries.

    Further, I haven't been made aware that boys outgrow allergies more than girls. I've never been told that nor run across that info. Not to say it isn't true. I am aware, however, that while some children outgrow allergies, others gain allergies as they get older. Also, the IgE mediated allergic response may not appear after the first exposure to a substance nor will it appear in the same form with subsequent exposures.

    For instance, a child who is allergic to peanuts may have a sniffle the first time they are exposed to it, a cough the second time, and a full out anaphylactic shock the third time.

    No, I'm not a doctor. But I am a parent of a child with a rare auto-immune disorder, Eosinophilic Esophagitis, and have very frequent visits with world-renowned immunologists and GI doctors and researchers at National Jewish and Children's Hospital here in Denver. Believe me, I wish I didn't know as much about the auto-immune system as I do. I'd much rather be the person reading this article saying, "Wow, that's a cool article".

    • 1 vote
    #2.4 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:51 PM EDT
    Reply

    Well... We've had a German Shepard since 2005. My 5 year old has asthma, eczema, and multiple food and environmental allergies. He was diagnosed with asthma ("reactive airway disease") at 15 months. My 2 year old was hospitalized with RSV when he was 8 months old. So researchers... wanna try again?

    • 1 vote
    Reply#3 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 3:59 PM EDT

    There is a difference between dog ownership playing a role in preventing asthma (as the study states), and dog ownership curing or preventing asthma in all cases (as you suggest you have disproved by having a dog and a child with asthma).

      #3.1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:21 PM EDT

      I agree thrinw80. However, we've seen these studies before, usually followed up by another study that disproves the theory. I say, if you can love and properly care for a dog, by all means get one. But don't get one thinking that it may prevent asthma and allergies.

        #3.2 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:33 PM EDT
        Reply

        Just throwing this out there as a completely anecdotal story, but growing up, my parents said I had a continuously runny nose until I was 8. We had two dogs growing up, and they figured I was allergic, but refused to get me tested so they wouldn't have to get rid of the dogs. Loving parents, i know! :)

        But now, I am not affected at all by pets. So who knows. If I had gone into biology this would be an interesting area to explore.

        • 2 votes
        Reply#4 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:05 PM EDT

        You definitely may have been allergic to dogs (and your parents loved you much!). But you also could've been allergic to something else in your environment or diet. It's very common for children to outgrow certain allergies as they get older. Looks like you were one of the lucky ones!

        • 1 vote
        #4.1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:38 PM EDT
        Reply

        It's been common knowledge for a very long time that babies that live in houses with pets build up an immunity, which is why they are less prone to developing asthma. Of course that doesn't mean they won't get asthma, just means there's a possibility that having a pet in the home might be beneficial.

        • 1 vote
        Reply#5 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:05 PM EDT

        rtg- you're definitely right that it's been common knowledge, but it's been more of a theory or wive's tale. Unfortunately, in my experience, it's always been false. I grew up with cats, but I have horrible seasonal allergies and a few drug allergies. My oldest grew up with cats (until when the cat died last year) and a dog, and he has bad seasonal allergies and drug allergies. Then the 2 youngest (my 5 and 2 year olds)I've explained above.

        What I've learned from the allergists is that having an allergy is an inherited trait. It doesn't always manifest itself in the same way. For instance, my IgE could cause me to be allergic to penicillin but could cause my son to be allergic to soy or have asthma. I'd be interested if a study could demonstrate that being exposed to animals could suppress all IgE allergic responses or just asthma and seasonal allergies. And whether or not children who don't "develop" asthma instead have another sort of auto-immune response.

        • 1 vote
        #5.1 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:15 PM EDT

        It's common knowledge because it's been passed around a lot. However, it's not accurate.

        I grew up with a veritable farm of pets. It didn't help me with my allergies and auto immune problems which got progressively worse until I discovered several key dietary deficiencies. After hefty introvenous and oral doses of vitamins, I'm back to not-being-in-the-hospital. Exercise helps my asthma more than any drug ever did. But I still sneeze when I'm outside.

        Immune response is something that involves multiple body systems, environment and heredity. It takes a host of things, such as diet, exercise, hormonal balance, and genetic health to "build up immunity". It is a huge oversimplification (and a disservice to pets) to say that heading to the pet store and getting a dog or a cat, is somehow a way to keep your kid from having asthma/allergies. At worst, by then your child will already have allergies and have a life threatening reaction.

        • 1 vote
        #5.2 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:20 PM EDT

        journal, do you remember that study years back that said that kids that grew up on farms are less likely to develop asthma (because of exposure to animals). Obviously the researchers got it wrong again!

        I agree, the changes you've made to your lifestyle are key. Drugs (and dogs) could never have the same impact without those changes. I'm glad that you've been able to find a way to manage your auto immune issues. Hopefully we'll be able to find that balance soon with my 5 year old!

          #5.3 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:29 PM EDT

          Having a pet "may" help build immunity to some allergies, but hay fever and seasonal allergies are plant based so would have absolutely nothing to do with having pets, just like food allergies. I have seasonal allergies caused by pollen, and I seriously doubt have pets would do much for that, but I have 3 children and 4 grandchildren, all raised in houses with pets, and none have any pet allergies. I didn't get pets to help keep my kids from allergies, we've just always had pets and hopefully, always will. If I developed an allergic reaction to my dogs or cat right now, I'd go on meds for it, wouldn't give them up.

            #5.4 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:33 PM EDT

            Yes I do remember. :) The myth that people have allergies and asthma because they're "too clean" is also still floating around. Bugs are everywhere, in the air, on the food we eat. It's impossible to "disinfect" the world.

            NPR reported that scientists predict that in our bodies, we have 3 lbs worth of microscopic beings representing 1,000 different species. Each "human habitat" is different and can effect everything from our immunity to our mood. It represents our lives including the pets we've owned, where we lived, the places we've traveled and who our parents were. This takes years to develop regardless of how much time you spent outside.

            But... that's as far as we know. And we never know everything. So I encourage the research but not the wonky headlines of half finished experiments that lead to these wrong conclusions.

            • 1 vote
            #5.5 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:41 PM EDT

            rtg- It's definitely possible that having a pet "may" help with immunity. Of course, it may not. But current promising research is supporting a hypothesis that small exposure to an allergen over time can help the body build up a positive immunity to it. They are currently testing this with children, exposing them to bigger and bigger bites of certain foods in a hospital setting over a period of months to see if they can "retrain" the immune system to not see the food protein as the "bad guy". They've had some favorable results. Of course, not every kid had a happy ending.

            Remember though, allergies are often an IgE mediated response. You may have the allergy trait, but it doesn't determine exactly what you are allergic to. I'm glad you'd keep your pets! Claritan can work wonders! hah-hah.

              #5.6 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 5:01 PM EDT
              Reply

              I think kids in general are kept too clean with all the anti-bacterial soaps and lack of just playing in the dirt, sandbox, etc. Kids need to get out and get dirty to build up their immune systems. That includes playing with their pets, dogs, cats, bugs, etc.

              • 3 votes
              Reply#6 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 4:19 PM EDT

              Three 100-pound dogs and three cats. No chance of asthma here :)

                Reply#7 - Wed Jun 20, 2012 5:24 PM EDT

                We use to have 3 large dogs and 3 cats too, but unfortunately in the last year we lost one dog to old age and kidney disease and just last month, our 7-year old golden/collie mix to lymphoma. Our remaining dog was grieving so badly that he wouldn't eat, so we now have a 10 week old newfie/golden puppy, which restored his zest for lie and his appetite. Might not get asthma, but all this puppy poo and pee must be as dangerous as it is nasty to clean up, so perhaps I'm allergic to puppy poo.

                  #7.1 - Thu Jun 21, 2012 4:23 PM EDT
                  Reply
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