Can oral sex really give you cancer?

By Rachael Rettner
MyHealthNewsDaily

Reports of an increase in head and neck cancers that are caused by human papillomavirus, or HPV, have led some to propose that changes in sexual behavior, specifically an increase in oral sex, are responsible.

But experts say such conclusions may be premature, or at least overstated, and are leading to unnecessary worry.

While oral sex may be a risk factor for some types of head and neck cancer, the link is, at this point, speculative, experts say. Moreover, there are many other elements that play a role in whether a person develops cancer, including the strength of the immune system, said Sara Rosenquist, a psychologist and sex therapist in North Carolina.

In general, there is no need for individuals in monogamous relationships to restrict their sexual activities if the pair is in good health, Rosenquist said.

Rosenquist recently wrote an article in the Journal of Sexual Medicine to dispel myths about oral sex and cancer.

First, Rosenquist notes cases of head and neck cancer are not increasing. As a group, cases of this cancer have actually declined in the United States over the past 25 years. However, there has been in increase in the proportion of head and neck cancers caused by HPV, primarily among younger individuals.

HPV is thought to be, for the most part, sexually transmitted. The viruses cause almost all cases of cervical cancer, and can cause genital warts and anal cancer. The link between HPV and oral cancers is less clear.

Oral sex has been linked with an increased risk of acquiring an HPV infection in the mouth, and with an increased risk of developing oral cancers that are caused by HPV. But sex in general has also been linked with these risks.

A study published this year in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) found people who reported engaging in oral sex were twice as likely to have an oral HPV infection as those who did not engage in oral sex. But people who reported having sex of any kind were eight times more likely to have an oral HPV infection than those who had not had sex.

"There are no data to directly support a link between changes in sexual behavior and increased incidence of HPV-associated cancer, because the data do not exist," Dr. Maura Gillison, chair of cancer research at Ohio State University who has studied HPV, told MyHealthNewsDaily in an email.

An HPV infection becomes concerning if it persists in the body for a long time, as persistent HPV infections are more likely to cause cancer, Rosenquist said. And persistent infections occur when the body's immune system can't clear the virus. So any factors that would compromise the immune system function may increase cancer risk.

The more sexual partners a person has, the more swamped their immune system becomes, Rosenquist said. So if any sexual behavior change is responsible for the uptick in oral cancers caused by HPV, it's an increase in promiscuity, not oral sex, Rosenquist said.

The JAMA study found that among teens and adults who'd had 20 or more sexual partners in their lifetimes, one in five had an oral HPV infection. Another study found that people who had performed oral sex on six or more partners in their lifetime had an eightfold increased risk of cancers of the mouth or throat.

If you are in a monogamous relationship and have had fewer than six sexual partners in your lifetime, chances are "that you and your partner will be swapping HPV back and forth, with infections waxing and waning over your lifetime," Rosenquist said.

If you are able to clear HPV, but your partner is not, you may both be at risk of a persistent infection, Rosenquist said. A 2006 study found that the presence of a persistent HPV infection in one partner in a relationship increased the risk of a persistent infection in the other partner tenfold.

HPV should not be a concern for monogamous couples if there is no sex outside the relationship and they do not encounter factors that could comprise the immune system, Rosenquist said.

"Sexually active adults are more likely to benefit from healthy lifestyles that promote good immune functioning coupled with regular medical checkups aimed at early detection and treatment," Rosenquist said.

Rosenquist also advises couples to stop worrying, as worry and stress may also reduce immune system strength.

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I'd surely like to find out, please.

    Reply#54 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 10:27 PM EDT

    I already told my wife that giving her oral sex can give me cancer. But then again I told her that anal sex lowers high blood pressure.

      Reply#55 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 10:35 PM EDT
      ZIngFoooDeleted

      My first sex was with jerry's mother in an outhouse back in the day, and she gave great head.

        Reply#57 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 10:49 PM EDT

        NEWS ALERT

        The Health Department just shut down Washington DC until all the Congressmen, White
        House and Senate politicians get the HPV shot. This it to stem the spread of oral
        cancer among the intern’s, and anal cancer among the tax payers.

        • 2 votes
        Reply#58 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 10:52 PM EDT

        Yawn....

        Fix the economy and stop telling who I can lick.

          Reply#59 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 11:13 PM EDT

          Heck - oral sex is the only kind I have! I'm so old I can only talk about it!

          • 13 votes
          Reply#60 - Fri Mar 23, 2012 11:33 PM EDT

          HAHAHA!!

          • 2 votes
          #60.1 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 1:19 AM EDT
          Reply

          If this is true, it SUCKS!

            Reply#61 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 12:22 AM EDT

            This really blows, if true.

              Reply#62 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 12:23 AM EDT

              WHEW!! Not like I was 'bout to stop going down on every SLUT in sight that will let me....just good to ease my stress a tad.

              • 1 vote
              Reply#63 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 12:25 AM EDT

              (((Based on other posts here I'm think'n I should have maybe read the whole article, lol. But really the previous stuff on the subject I have seen was quite a bit scarier.)))

              • 1 vote
              #63.1 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 12:40 AM EDT
              Reply

              Its about time we start some research on this subject!!!!!! Where do I sign up?!!!

              • 1 vote
              Reply#64 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 1:18 AM EDT

              The sexual revolution promised sex without consequences. Instead the masses got herpes, syphilis, gonorrhea, HIV, cancer, unwanted pregnancies and other horrible life long or live ending diseases. How's that working out for you?

                Reply#65 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 1:46 AM EDT

                Pretty darn well, I'm guessing. At least they had something to live for.

                • 1 vote
                #65.1 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 2:41 AM EDT
                Reply

                So I guess that asking for a reacharound is out of the question?

                • 1 vote
                Reply#66 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 1:56 AM EDT

                I'm available for any testing that any college would like to get results on

                • 2 votes
                Reply#67 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 2:01 AM EDT

                Here's the facts the woman doctor quoted in this study won't tell you. The percentage of oral cancers, including tonsil, base of tongue, and larynx cancers that are caused by HPV is up dramatically. Most head and neck squamous cell cancers today are caused by HPV. Most of these cancers are in men. Men get them by becoming infected with the HPV virus. Men get infected with the HPV virus by performing cunnilingus on women. Yes, most people who get the HPV virus clear the virus in two or three years. But if you don't, your risk of oropharanx cancer skyrockets. Let me tell you, oropharanx squamous cell cancer is a killer.

                Doctors are reluctant to say this. Women apparently don't want this discussion to go to far. Why? Because it could cause a lot of reasonable guys to say, "No, thanks," to cunnilingus. And women wouldn't like that. Of course, the guy is runnings the risk of dying a bad death.

                • 2 votes
                Reply#68 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 2:26 AM EDT

                You're right about the men getting HPV+ oropharyngeal cancers in greater proportion. But think about this...women most likely got the HPV in the genital region due to sexual intercourse with infected men. So, in general, the men give it to the women and the women give it back to the men, but in a different area.

                It's not a "blaming game" since approximately 80% of the population will have contracted at least some form of HPV in their lifetime.

                It's easy to test for HPV infection in women with a pap test. It's not yet known exactly where the HPV resides in men (testes, anus, rectum, etc.), so the medical community hasn't quite figured out how to test men. A blood test will only show you if you have been exposed to the virus at some point in your life, the same way to they do TB test. You have to get a tissue sample test it specifically for HPV, which a pap includes.

                There's a lot to be learned in this area, but for now we can only protect ourselves in the ways we know how.

                Good comment though, in a bunch of idiotic responses. If they only knew how deadly serious this disease is...

                Peace.

                  #68.1 - Wed Mar 28, 2012 12:52 AM EDT
                  Reply

                  The correct answer is: (d) Die of oral sex.

                    Reply#69 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 2:39 AM EDT

                    I was married to a nymphomaniac, glad it's over. My neck and back ache much less now. Some don't know what to do with their energy, very primitive instincts guide their every move.

                    Yesterday I opened wholesale accounts with local lumber distributors and proposed to my coworker the prospect of custom cabinetry and other projects, he was so excited because it happens to be his longstanding pass-time too. Myself and every person I know needs a new kitchen. Ideas, a swedish slat board designed base cabinet exposing floor below, removable panels, stash spots, Purple Heart veneers and solid accents, isolocs...

                    I'll never allow another relationship to evolve into anything sexual.

                    When the weather's hot and sticky, that's no time for dunkin' dicky.

                    When the frost is on the pumpkin, that's the time for dicky dunkin'.

                      Reply#70 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 3:56 AM EDT

                      Maybe it's mother nature thinking "this idiot has no idea how to re-produce" so she decides to think the herd. ;)

                        Reply#71 - Sat Mar 24, 2012 5:55 PM EDT

                        Well there goes Clinton favorite hobby! And just when gay marriage is in the news!

                        • 1 vote
                        Reply#72 - Sun Mar 25, 2012 10:53 AM EDT

                        If this were anything but bull@!$%#, the average American male would have succumbed to hand cancer before the age of 20.

                          Reply#73 - Sun Mar 25, 2012 4:26 PM EDT

                          Oh hell, what DOESN'T kill you these days?

                            Reply#74 - Sun Mar 25, 2012 5:44 PM EDT

                            SO LAME!!!! STOP TAKING ALL MY FUN VICES AWAY!!! I STOPPED SMOKING 2 YEARS AGO, BECAME A VEGAN, LA LA LA. I am going to keep giving my man the good loving and there is nothing you can tell me to make me change my mind =D

                              Reply#75 - Sun Mar 25, 2012 8:38 PM EDT

                              I believe the key word here is as stated: Monogamous relationship. How many people practice that today?

                                Reply#76 - Mon Mar 26, 2012 2:13 PM EDT

                                I hope it is not true. What IS true, not getting it gives you blue balls.

                                  Reply#77 - Tue Mar 27, 2012 1:44 PM EDT

                                  As the Director of Strategic Partnerships at the Oral Cancer Foundation and a Stage IV
                                  HPV positive Oral Cancer Survivor, I have to say that I was extremely dismayed at this
                                  article for several reasons. The biggest issue I have with this article is this
                                  statement: “But “experts” say such conclusions may be premature, or at least overstated,
                                  and are leading to unnecessary worry”. The only “expert” opinion that reflects this
                                  belief voiced in this article is the “psychologist” Sara Rosenquist. Dr. Maura Gillison,
                                  arguably the leading expert in the link between HPV and Oral Cancer, detailed the most up
                                  to date research on this subject in an October 2011 presentation to the Journal of
                                  American Oncology which detailed the current figures based on SEER statistics.

                                  Now looking at the data presented by Dr. Maura Gillison, between 1989 and 2004 Oral
                                  Cancer occurrences have increased 28% with HPV related Oral Cancers increasing 225%
                                  (), and non HPV Cancers (tobacco etc) decreasing by 50%. This data also explains that the survival rates of HPV related cancers are much better than those of non HPV related cancers, keep in mind the “survival” rate of Oral Cancer still is only 56%. This poor outcome is due to lack of awareness, not just in the general public, but in our medical
                                  community.

                                  According to SEER statistics () total
                                  occurrences of Oral Cancers are down 1.5% between 1979 and 2008. This statistic
                                  coincides with the fact that “all” smoking related cancers were down in the same time
                                  period (). Up until 1988, 75% head and neck cancers were tobacco related() so a decrease in smoking related cancers in this time frame is to be expected.

                                  I feel this article downplays the risks and dangers of HPV related oral cancer, and
                                  failed to analyze the current research done by Dr. Gillison, it also makes me feel like
                                  my four year struggle with this disease and the horrors I’ve endured at its hands seem
                                  somehow belittled. I know that was not the intent of the author, nor Sara Rosenquist’s,
                                  as they do not know me, nor probably have ever met anyone actually affected by an HPV
                                  related Oral/Pharyngeal cancer as nearly half of us die. I feel comfortable expressing
                                  that the majority of survivors of this disease would feel similarly when they read the
                                  statement “The link between HPV and oral cancers is less clear.” Being an HPV positive
                                  Oral Cancer Survivor, the link is completely clear to me everyday I look in the mirror
                                  and have to deal with the fact that half of my face is missing.

                                  I was thirty-three years old when I was diagnosed with StageIV metastatic Oral Cancer in
                                  2008, which of course shocked everyone around me as I was a non-smoking, social drinker, and according to my wife, the healthiest man alive due to my obsession with exercise and nutrition. I worked a fantastic job running a beautiful, boutique hotel in rural Northern Idaho, and was happily married to my wife of 7 years with two beautiful young boys ages 4 and 7. I did not fit the demographic of the typical Oral Cancer patient at that time, which was a white male in his mid 60’s and a lifetime smoker and drinker.

                                  Now I’d like to think of myself as a “player” or Don Juan if you will, my ego I think
                                  would insist upon it, yet the reality is that I’ve had nowhere near 20 sexual partners in
                                  my lifetime. The reality is, anyone is susceptible to contracting HPV, even if they only
                                  have one sexual partner. According to the Cleveland Clinic (ranked by US News & World Report as one of the top medical facilities in the country in both Cancer and
                                  Otolaryngology) “about 80% of sexually active men and women are infected with HPV at some point in their lives, but most people never know they have the virus.”
                                  ()."

                                  What I've learned through my cancer experience and being a patient advocate for the last
                                  three years for the Oral Cancer Foundation is that we are all unique biological entities
                                  and each person will react differently to HPV, cancer therapies, etc no matter how
                                  healthy of a lifestyle that we lead. Education, Awareness and early detection not only
                                  save lives, but save smiles, kisses and families too."

                                  • 1 vote
                                  Reply#78 - Tue Mar 27, 2012 2:26 PM EDT

                                  One should note that the word 'promiscuity" does not itself imply "sexual promiscuity." My dietary habits may be of a promiscuous nature.

                                    Reply#79 - Tue Mar 27, 2012 2:50 PM EDT
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